Umbilical Cord Blood Processing Techniques and Their Comparative Advantages: A Review

Background: Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB) has steadily gained prominence in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Despite UCB advantages, the main disadvantage of (HSCT) is its limited dose. Initially, used to be processed and then made undergo cryopreservation as whole cord blood banking leading problem storing sufficiently large number cryoprotected units which requires vast amounts costly storage space liquid nitrogen. The sole purpose processing concentrates cells reduce volume for storage. Different methods have been developed. 
 Aim: This review aimed at bringing together literature on different highlighting underlying principles each method, relative efficiency advantages methods.
 Methodology: work involved mainly critical all available academic, professional industry documents processing. relevant information was obtained from textbooks, academic journals, conference proceedings, internet among others. major include Plasma Depletion, Density Gradient Centrifugation (DGC), Hetastarch, PrepaCyte-CB Sepax. A study potential impact Hetastarch PrepaCyte outcomes revealed no difference that significant observed between patients receiving after regimens were compared.
 Results: comparison engraftment time with five other a quicker compared methods. also recovers significantly more viable than AutoXpress (AXP) hydroxyethyl starch (HES) Other workers demonstrated Sepax depletion produces higher recovery are nucleated. effect initial had nucleated method compared. Recovery when using reduced unit size increases. density gradient, plasma separation affected like manner, however, done not by collected unit. advantage it fully automated this allows mass samples, suitable bigger banks. For erythrocyte removal, gradient better effective. second most efficient removing RBC. result Total Nucleated Cells (TNC) Mono (MNC) rate Hespan against AXP shows both reproducibly recover greater 95% typical collection final storage.
 Conclusion: popular techniques Gradient, Automated Centrifugal Machine (Sepax). Most involve centrifugation, sedimentation and/or filtration reducing red content, volume, or both. disadvantages.